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In this article we learn how to create an LVM striped logical volume that stripes data accross the disks and it is very similar to RAID-O.Here we will learn all the methods to create and configure a striped LVM.Striped Logical Volume Increases the performance because with striping I/O can be done in parallel.Striping enhance the  performance by writing users data to a predetermined numbers of physical volumes in round robin fashion.It also improves the efficiency  of the data I/O for large sequential reads and writes.This Lab will help you to understand LVM configuration and also makes you to learn and grab the configuration of striped logical volume.

Also Read: How to Configure and Delete lvm in Linux

Let’s see Partition Table before creating LVM.

[root@localhost ~]# fdisk -l

Disk /dev/sda: 17.2 GB, 17179869184 bytes

255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 2088 cylinders

Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes

Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes

I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes

Disk identifier: 0x000e1624

Device Boot      Start         End      Blocks   Id  System

/dev/sda1   *           1        1275    10240000   83  Linux

/dev/sda2            1275        1530     2048000   82  Linux swap / Solaris

/dev/sda4            1530        2088     4482836    5  Extended

/dev/sda5            1530        1555      201482   83  Linux

/dev/sda6            1556        1581      208813+  83  Linux

/dev/sda7            1582        1633      417658+  83  Linux

Now change the Partition Type of /dev/sda5/dev/sda6 and /dev/sda7 to LVM type so that these partitions can be used in LVM.

[root@localhost ~]# fdisk /dev/sda

WARNING: DOS-compatible mode is deprecated. It’s strongly recommended to

switch off the mode (command ‘c’) and change display units to

sectors (command ‘u’).

Command (m for help): t

Partition number (1-7): 5

Hex code (type L to list codes): 8e

Changed system type of partition 5 to 8e (Linux LVM)

Command (m for help): t

Partition number (1-7): 6

Hex code (type L to list codes): 8e

Changed system type of partition 6 to 8e (Linux LVM)

Command (m for help): t

Partition number (1-7): 7

Hex code (type L to list codes): 8e

Changed system type of partition 7 to 8e (Linux LVM)

Command (m for help): p

Disk /dev/sda: 17.2 GB, 17179869184 bytes

255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 2088 cylinders

Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes

Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes

I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes

Disk identifier: 0x000e1624

Device Boot      Start         End      Blocks   Id  System

/dev/sda1   *           1        1275    10240000   83  Linux

/dev/sda2            1275        1530     2048000   82  Linux swap / Solaris

/dev/sda4            1530        2088     4482836    5  Extended

/dev/sda5            1530        1555      201482   8e  Linux LVM

/dev/sda6            1556        1581      208813+  8e  Linux LVM

/dev/sda7            1582        1633      417658+  8e  Linux LVM

Command (m for help): w

Update the Partition Table without Reboot.

[root@localhost ~]# partx -v  /dev/sda

device /dev/sda: start 0 size 33554432

gpt: 0 slices

dos: 7 slices

# 1:      2048- 20482047 ( 20480000 sectors,  10485 MB)

# 2:  20482048- 24578047 (  4096000 sectors,   2097 MB)

# 3:         0-       -1 (        0 sectors,      0 MB)

# 4:  24578048- 33543719 (  8965672 sectors,   4590 MB)

# 5:  24578111- 24981074 (   402964 sectors,    206 MB)

# 6:  24981138- 25398764 (   417627 sectors,    213 MB)

# 7:  25398828- 26234144 (   835317 sectors,    427 MB)

Create the Physical Volume:

[root@localhost ~]# pvcreate /dev/sda{5,6,7}

Physical volume “/dev/sda5” successfully created

Physical volume “/dev/sda6” successfully created

Physical volume “/dev/sda7” successfully created

Note:The above command will destroy any data on /dev/sda5,/dev/sda6 and /dev/sda7

Display the attributes of  Physical Volume:

[root@localhost ~]# pvs

PV         VG   Fmt  Attr PSize   PFree

/dev/sda5       lvm2 a-   196.76m 196.76m

/dev/sda6       lvm2 a-   203.92m 203.92m

/dev/sda7       lvm2 a-   407.87m 407.87m

Create Volume Group:

[root@localhost ~]# vgcreate vg00 /dev/sda{5,6,7}

Volume group “vg00” successfully created

Display the attributes of  Volume Group :

[root@localhost ~]# vgs

VG   #PV #LV #SN Attr   VSize   VFree

vg00   3   0   0 wz–n- 796.00m 796.00m

Create Logical Volume(Bydefault it’s a Linear Logical Volume)

[root@localhost ~]# lvcreate -L 300M -n lv1 vg00

Logical volume “lv1” created

Display the attributes of  Logical Volume :

[root@localhost ~]# lvs

LV   VG   Attr   LSize   Origin Snap%  Move Log Copy%  Convert

lv1  vg00 -wi-a- 300.00m

Display Logical Volume Information in Detail.

[root@localhost ~]# lvdisplay

— Logical volume —

LV Name                /dev/vg00/lv1

VG Name                vg00

LV UUID                atV0Ws-mrQK-Z18G-FNS8-6Oac-ZznA-2lRGdq

LV Write Access        read/write

LV Status              available

# open                 0

LV Size                300.00 MiB

Current LE             75

Segments               1

Allocation             inherit

Read ahead sectors     auto

– currently set to     256

Block device           253:0

    STRIPED LOGICAL VOLUME CREATION:

Method1:

Learn how to create striped Logical Volume:

[root@localhost ~]# lvcreate  -L  300M  -i2  -I64   vg00  /dev/sda5  /dev/sda6

Rounding size (75 extents) up to stripe boundary size (76 extents)

Logical volume “lvol0” created

Explanation of above command:

300M is Total Size of Striped LVM

-i2  means  use two physical volume for the stripes here( /dev/sda5 and /dev/sda6)

-I64  means   Stripe Size=64KB

Now see the Details and attributes of striped logical volume:

[root@localhost ~]# lvs -a -o +devices

LV    VG   Attr   LSize   Origin Snap%  Move Log Copy%  Convert Devices

lv1   vg00 -wi-a- 300.00m                                       /dev/sda7(0)

lvol0 vg00 -wi-a- 304.00m                                       /dev/sda5(0),/dev/sda6(0)

 Explanation of above output:

lv1 is Linear LVm which we have created earlier in the starting of this tutorial.

lvol0 is our striped LVM  using two physical volumes /dev/sda5 and /dev/sda6.

Method2:

Another Method to Create Striped Logical Volume:

[root@localhost ~]# lvcreate  -L   50M  -i2   -I64  -n  lv3  vg00

Rounding up size to full physical extent 52.00 MiB

Rounding size (13 extents) up to stripe boundary size (14 extents)

Logical volume “lv3” created

Display the Information and attributes  of Striped Logical Volume.

[root@localhost ~]# lvs -a -o +devices

LV    VG   Attr   LSize   Origin Snap%  Move Log Copy%  Convert Devices

lv1   vg00 -wi-a- 300.00m                                       /dev/sda7(0)

lv3   vg00 -wi-a-  56.00m                                       /dev/sda5(38),/dev/sda6(38)

lvol0 vg00 -wi-a- 304.00m                                       /dev/sda5(0),/dev/sda6(0)

Create a directory and then create a filesystem over it.

[root@localhost ~]# mkdir /striplv1

[root@localhost ~]# mkfs.ext4 /dev/vg00/lvol0

mke2fs 1.41.12 (17-May-2010)

Filesystem label=

OS type: Linux

Block size=1024 (log=0)

Fragment size=1024 (log=0)

Stride=64 blocks, Stripe width=128 blocks

77824 inodes, 311296 blocks

15564 blocks (5.00%) reserved for the super user

First data block=1

Maximum filesystem blocks=67633152

38 block groups

8192 blocks per group, 8192 fragments per group

2048 inodes per group

Superblock backups stored on blocks:

8193, 24577, 40961, 57345, 73729, 204801, 221185

Writing inode tables: done

Creating journal (8192 blocks): done

Writing superblocks and filesystem accounting information: done

This filesystem will be automatically checked every 39 mounts or

180 days, whichever comes first.  Use tune2fs -c or -i to override.

Explanation: Above command creates a ext4 file system on logical volume.

Mount the striped lvm:

below commands will mount  the logical volume and report the file system disk usage.

[root@localhost ~]# mount   /dev/vg00/lvol0   /striplv1/

[root@localhost ~]# df -Th

Filesystem    Type    Size  Used Avail Use% Mounted on

/dev/sda1     ext4    9.7G  2.7G  6.5G  30% /

tmpfs        tmpfs    504M  420K  504M   1% /dev/shm

/dev/mapper/vg00-lvol0

ext4    295M   11M  270M   4% /striplv1

Create File system and Mount another Striped LVM:

[root@localhost ~]# mkdir    /striplv3

[root@localhost ~]# mkfs.ext4   /dev/vg00/lv3

mke2fs 1.41.12 (17-May-2010)

Filesystem label=

OS type: Linux

Block size=1024 (log=0)

Fragment size=1024 (log=0)

Stride=64 blocks, Stripe width=128 blocks

14336 inodes, 57344 blocks

2867 blocks (5.00%) reserved for the super user

First data block=1

Maximum filesystem blocks=58720256

7 block groups

8192 blocks per group, 8192 fragments per group

2048 inodes per group

Superblock backups stored on blocks:

8193, 24577, 40961

Writing inode tables: done

Creating journal (4096 blocks): done

Writing superblocks and filesystem accounting information: done

This filesystem will be automatically checked every 28 mounts or

180 days, whichever comes first.  Use tune2fs -c or -i to override.

[root@localhost ~]# mount /dev/vg00/lv3 /striplv3

[root@localhost ~]# df -Th

Filesystem    Type    Size  Used Avail Use% Mounted on

/dev/sda1     ext4    9.7G  2.7G  6.5G  30% /

tmpfs        tmpfs    504M  420K  504M   1% /dev/shm

/dev/mapper/vg00-lvol0

ext4    295M   11M  270M   4% /striplv1

/dev/mapper/vg00-lv3

ext4     55M  4.9M   47M  10% /striplv3

Now see LVM  short Details using lvscan

[root@localhost ~]# lvscan

ACTIVE            ‘/dev/vg00/lv1’ [300.00 MiB] inherit

ACTIVE            ‘/dev/vg00/lvol0’ [304.00 MiB] inherit

ACTIVE            ‘/dev/vg00/lv3’ [56.00 MiB] inherit

Display mapping of LVM:

[root@localhost ~]# lvdisplay   /dev/vg00/lv3      -m

— Logical volume —

LV Name                /dev/vg00/lv3

VG Name                vg00

LV UUID                sMJKUO-0lro-8X0y-9BXL-cSmh-TU10-V5bkKN

LV Write Access        read/write

LV Status              available

# open                 1

LV Size                56.00 MiB

Current LE             14

Segments               1

Allocation             inherit

Read ahead sectors     auto

– currently set to     512

Block device           253:2

— Segments —

Logical extent 0 to 13:

Type        striped

Stripes        2

Stripe size        64.00 KiB

Stripe 0:

Physical volume    /dev/sda5

Physical extents    38 to 44

Stripe 1:

Physical volume    /dev/sda6

Physical extents    38 to 44